Mendoza is one of the most important wine regions in Argentina and accounts for almost two-thirds of the entire wine production in the country. Mendoza is located in the eastern foothills of the Andes Mountains and is shadowed by Mount Aconcagua. The vineyards are planted 1,500 feet above sea level, which are some of the highest altitudes in grape growth. Vines arrived at the beginning of the Spanish colonization from Peru. It wasn’t until the late 19^th to early 20^th century that Mendoza experienced a huge wine-boom turning it into the fifth largest wine growing region in the world. After the railroad was established in 1885, connecting Argentina and Buenos Aires, more vineyards were developed in Mendoza. Mendoza vineyards grew from 1,000 hectares in 1830, to 45,000 in 1910. Mendoza has a continental climate with semi-arid desert conditions. The wine region enjoys four distinct seasons with no temperature extremes. Rainfall averages about 8” per year meaning that irrigation is a necessity. Mendoza primarily consists of alluvial soil that is composed of loose sand over clay. The mountain rivers provide adequate water supply from the melting glaciers in the nearby Andes. Irrigation channels, dating back to the 16^th century, help the viticulture in Mendoza.