Patagonia engulfs the tip of South America. The southern Patagonia region includes the fruit producing regions of Río Negro and Neuquén, which are considerably cooler than the major regions to the north. This provides a long growing season in the chalky soils of the area. Humberto Canale was responsible for importing vines into Patagonia in the first part of the 20th century. These cuttings came from Bordeaux establishing the first commercial winery in the Patagonia region. Today, the region continues to grow as producers continue to plant the cool climate vines like Pinot Noir, Malbec, Chardonnay, Torrontes, Riojano, and Semillon. Quite a few of the grapes that are sourced from the region are used for the sparkling wine industry in Argentina. Located more than 990 miles south of Mendoza, the vineyards of Bodega Weinert are noted as the southernmost-planted vineyards in South America. Phylloxera has never struck Argentina with some believing that the centuries old flood irrigation systems have deeply saturated the soil creating a high percentage of sand in the soil. Another reason may be Argentina’s isolation. The mountains, deserts, and oceans also protect the vineyards against the Phylloxera louse.